| 摘要: |
| 对发酵酒中氨基甲酸乙酯（ Ethyl carbamate，EC）的致癌机理、检测方法、形成机制、前驱物质及控制方法等方面进行综述。阐述目前研究进展的同时，对存在问题进行分析并提出解决设想及应用展望。氨基甲酸乙酯可由自然反应及添加前驱物质两种方式形成，其致癌机理是通过两种不同途径破坏DNA结构。通常情况，主要通过减少前体物质的添加和形成抑制氨基甲酸乙酯的生成。氨基甲酸乙酯的通用检测方法为色谱与不同检测器结合使用或色谱与质谱联用，其中，检测前的样品前处理有液液萃取，固相萃取等不同形式。目前，我国检测控制工作虽然已经取得一定进展，但是检测方法不够经济有效，控制方法不能够普遍应用。关于控制方法的最新研究中，基因工程技术与系统生物技术的相关应用纳入进程，后基因组研究和蛋白质学等对基因的应用改造处于探索阶段。随着关于氨基甲酸乙酯的危害、形成机理等方面的研究不断深入，不同机制的控制方法不断出现。 EC的处理逐步进入更加完善的状态。 |
| 关键词: 发酵酒 氨基甲酸乙酯 致癌机理 检测方法 形成机制 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672-5565.2014-04.20140406 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
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| Research development of ethyl carbamate in fermented wine |
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WANG Bo, QI Jingyao
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Municipal and environmental engineering school, Harbin institute of technology,Harbin 150090,China
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| Abstract: |
| The carcinogenic mechanisms,detection methods,formation mechanisms,precursors and control methods of EC in fermented wine are summarized.This paper expounds the development of research and existing problems and proposes imagination on solution and prospect for application,integrating its current situation.EC damages the structure of DNA by two main mechanisms of carcinogenesis.EC can be produced by two paths including nature reaction and addition which contains precursor and inhibition of EC mainly coming from controlling the additive or formation of precursors.Chromatography combined with different detectors or chromatography with mass spectrometry are identified as universal detections.Besides,there are multiplle methods of pretreatment as LLE,SPE and so on. Currently,the researches on control and detection have made some progress in our country, but the existing methods of detection cannot be effective and economic.Meanwhile, control methods cannot be widely used.In the recent researches on control methods, related applications of genetic engineering and biotechnology have been made into the process.What in the exploration stage is that people investigate the genetic modification of Post-genomic and proteomics.As respective aspects′researches including the dangers and formation mechanism go deeply into the realities of life gradually,different control methods corresponding to different mechanisms appear successively.The process of EC comes into more complete state. |
| Key words: Fermented wine Ethyl carbamate Carcinogenic mechanisms Control methods Formation mechanisms |
